Master pivot table design and layout to boost your data analysis. Learn best practices and practical tips for clear insights.
by Mihir Kamdar / Last Updated:
This comprehensive guide on mastering pivot table filter and sorting in Microsoft Excel. By the end of this article, you’ll be able to:
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In today’s data-driven world, the ability to effectively analyze and communicate insights is a crucial skill for professionals across industries. Microsoft Excel’s pivot tables have become an indispensable tool for summarizing, exploring, and presenting data in a dynamic and interactive way. However, creating a pivot table is just the beginning. To truly unlock the power of your data and make a lasting impact on your audience, you need to master the art of pivot table design, layout, and styles.
Before we delve into the specifics of pivot table design, let’s understand why it matters. A well-designed pivot table not only enhances the visual appeal of your data but also improves its readability, comprehension, and usability. Here’s how effective pivot table design can benefit you:
1. Enhancing data understanding and insights: A properly designed pivot table makes it easier for users to identify patterns, trends, and outliers in the data. By presenting information in a clear and organized manner, you enable your audience to gain valuable insights quickly and efficiently.
2. Increasing user engagement and communication: An visually appealing and intuitive pivot table design captures the attention of your audience and encourages them to explore the data further. By making your pivot tables user-friendly and interactive, you facilitate better communication and collaboration among team members and stakeholders.
3. Key considerations when designing a pivot table:
By keeping these considerations in mind, you can create pivot tables that effectively convey your message and drive meaningful conversations around your data.
Customizing styles and layouts in Pivot Tables elevates your data analysis to a new level of clarity and visual appeal. This process involves tailoring the appearance and organization of your Pivot Tables to better suit your analysis needs and presentation goals.
Excel provides a dedicated “Design” tab in the ribbon specifically for pivot tables. This tab is your go-to destination for customizing the appearance and layout of your pivot table. Here’s how to navigate and use the Design tab:
Step 1: Click on any cell within your pivot table to activate the PivotTable Tools.
Step 2: Go to the “Design” tab in the Excel ribbon.
Step 3: Explore the various options available, such as PivotTable Styles, Layout, and Options.
The Design tab offers a wide range of pre-built styles and layouts that you can apply to your pivot table with just a few clicks. These styles and layouts are designed to give your pivot table a professional and polished look while maintaining readability.
While the pre-built styles in the Design tab are a great starting point, you may want to customize the appearance of your pivot table to match your brand guidelines or personal preferences. Here’s how to modify the style of your pivot table:
Step 1: Select your pivot table.
Step 2: In the “Design” tab, click on the “More” button in the “PivotTable Styles” group to expand the gallery.
Step 3: Right-click on any style and choose “Duplicate”.
Step 4: In the “Modify PivotTable Style” dialog box, customize the following elements:
Step 5: Click “OK” to apply your custom style to the pivot table.
By creating custom styles, you can ensure consistency in your pivot table designs and maintain a professional look throughout your workbooks.
Best practices for style customization:
In addition to styles, the Design tab allows you to choose from three different report layouts for your pivot table: Compact, Outline, and Tabular. Each layout has its advantages and use cases. Here’s how to switch between layouts and choose the most appropriate one:
Step 1: Select your pivot table.
Step 2: In the “Design” tab, locate the “Report Layout” group.
Step 3: Click on the dropdown arrow to view the available layout options.
Step 4: Select the desired layout (Compact, Outline, or Tabular) to apply it to your pivot table.
Compact Layout: This is the default layout, where row and column labels are displayed in a compressed format. It is suitable for pivot tables with a small number of fields and data points.
Outline Layout: Each row label is displayed in a separate column, creating a hierarchical view of the data. It is ideal for pivot tables with multiple levels of row labels and subtotals.
Tabular Layout: This layout is similar to the Outline layout but with additional spacing between the row labels and subtotals. It is best for pivot tables with many row labels and data points.
Choose the layout that best fits your data structure and presentation requirements. You can easily switch between layouts to find the one that provides the optimal balance of readability and detail.
Customizing Pivot Table charts opens the door to a more tailored data visualization experience, enabling you to adjust every aspect of your charts to reflect the story behind your data better. From selecting the right chart type to tweaking colors, labels, and axes, this process empowers you to create visually appealing and meaningful representations that capture the attention of your audience and convey your insights with precision.
Column headers play a vital role in making your pivot table easy to understand and navigate. Here are some best practices for naming and formatting column headers:
To rearrange and customize column headers:
Step 1: Click on any cell within your pivot table.
Step 2: In the PivotTable Fields pane, click and drag the fields to the desired position in the Columns area.
Step 3: Right-click on a column header and select “Field Settings” to access advanced options, such as subtotals, filters, and sorting.
By effectively utilizing column headers, you can enhance the readability and usability of your pivot table, making it easier for your audience to understand and interact with the data.
Excel offers a wide range of options to customize and fine-tune your pivot tables. These options are available in the PivotTable Tools tabs (Analyze and Design) when you have a cell within a pivot table selected. Let’s explore some of the key options:
1. Modify field settings:
2. Adjust subtotals and grand totals:
Exploring and leveraging these options allows you to customize your pivot table to suit your specific data analysis needs and presentation requirements.
Organizing data in Pivot Tables streamlines your analysis process by allowing you to neatly categorize and summarize vast datasets, making it simpler to uncover valuable insights and trends.
Arranging row labels in a logical and intuitive manner is crucial for making your pivot table easy to understand and navigate. Here are some techniques for effectively organizing row labels:
1. Grouping related fields together:
2. Collapsing and expanding row labels:
3. Creating custom row label hierarchies:
By arranging row labels effectively, you can improve the clarity and usability of your pivot table, enabling users to quickly find the information they need.
Row headers serve as labels for the data in each row of your pivot table. Here are some best practices for formatting and aligning row headers to enhance visibility:
1. Applying bold or italic formatting:
2. Using background colors or borders:
3. Aligning row headers for consistency:
To freeze row headers for better navigation and readability:
Step 1: Select the cell below and to the right of the row headers you want to freeze.
Step 2: Go to the “View” tab and click on the “Freeze Panes” dropdown.
Step 3: Select “Freeze Panes” to lock the row headers in place while scrolling through the data.
Enhancing the visibility and usability of row headers can make your pivot table more accessible and user-friendly for your audience.
Exploring different views of Pivot Tables offers a versatile approach to data analysis, allowing users to shift perspectives and uncover insights that may not be immediately apparent. This capability enables the dynamic reorganization and reevaluation of data according to various dimensions, such as time, category, or hierarchy, facilitating a deeper understanding of underlying patterns and relationships.
The drill-down feature in pivot tables allows you to explore your data at a more granular level, revealing the underlying details behind the summarized values. Here’s how to access and use the drill-down options:
1. Double-clicking on a value:
2. Using the “Expand/Collapse” buttons:
3. Right-clicking on a value:
The drill-down feature is particularly useful when you need to investigate anomalies, understand the factors contributing to a specific result, or provide more detailed information to your audience.
Just as the drill-down feature allows you to explore data at a more detailed level, the drill-up option enables you to summarize data at higher levels of aggregation. This is useful when you want to see the bigger picture or identify overall trends in your data. Here’s how to use the drill-up option:
1. Right-clicking on a value:
2. Using the “Expand/Collapse” buttons:
To illustrate the power and versatility of pivot table design, layout, and styles, let’s explore some real-world applications and examples across various industries.
Example: A sales manager creates a pivot table to analyze sales data by product category and segment. By applying a custom style and conditional formatting, they can quickly identify top performers and areas for improvement. The manager also uses the drill-down feature to investigate any unexpected trends or outliers.
Example: A financial analyst builds a pivot table to compare revenue, expense and profit by department and project. Using the Tabular layout and custom number formatting, they create a clear and concise report for the CFO.
Example: An HR manager creates a pivot table to analyze employee turnover by position and performance rating. By applying a cohesive style and using slicers to filter the data, they can quickly identify patterns and trends. The manager also uses the drill-through feature to access individual employee records for further investigation.
To make your PivotTable look good:
1. Choose a visually appealing style from the PivotTable Styles gallery in the Design tab.
2. Customize the style by modifying colors, fonts, and other formatting options.
3. Use a consistent and clean layout that enhances readability.
4. Apply conditional formatting to highlight important data points or trends.
5. Add slicers or timelines for interactive filtering and a polished look.
PivotTable design refers to the process of structuring, formatting, and styling a PivotTable to effectively present and communicate data insights. It involves choosing appropriate fields, arranging them in a logical layout, selecting suitable summary calculations, and applying visual elements like styles, colors, and formatting to enhance the PivotTable’s appearance and usability.
To layout a PivotTable:
1. Choose the fields you want to analyze and drag them to the Rows, Columns, Values, and Filters areas in the PivotTable Fields pane.
2. Arrange the fields in a logical order that reflects the hierarchy or relationship of the data.
3. Select the appropriate summary calculations for the values fields (e.g., sum, average, count).
4. Use the Report Layout options (Compact, Outline, or Tabular) to control how the PivotTable is displayed.
5. Adjust column widths, row heights, and cell alignment to improve readability.
Yes, you can color code a PivotTable using conditional formatting or by manually applying cell styles:
1. Select the cells you want to color code.
2. Go to the Home tab and click on “Conditional Formatting” in the Styles group.
3. Choose a color scale, data bars, or other conditional formatting options to highlight cells based on their values.
4. Alternatively, you can use the “Cell Styles” dropdown in the Styles group to apply predefined or custom cell styles with specific colors or formatting.
To add a color scale to a PivotTable:
1. Select the cells or value field you want to apply the color scale to.
2. Go to the Home tab and click on “Conditional Formatting” in the Styles group.
3. Hover over “Color Scales” and choose a predefined color scale or click on “More Rules” to create a custom color scale.
4. Specify the minimum, midpoint, and maximum values and their corresponding colors.
5. Click “OK” to apply the color scale to the selected cells.
To shade rows in a PivotTable:
1. Select the rows you want to shade.
2. Go to the Home tab and click on the “Cell Styles” dropdown in the Styles group.
3. Choose a predefined style that includes shading or click on “New Cell Style” to create a custom style.
4. In the Style dialog box, select “Fill” and choose the desired shading color.
5. Click “OK” to apply the shading style to the selected rows.
In this comprehensive guide, we’ve explored the art and science of pivot table design, layout, and styles in Microsoft Excel. By mastering these techniques, you can unlock the full potential of your data, create compelling visualizations, and communicate your insights with impact.
You’ve learned how to:
By applying the concepts and techniques covered in this guide, you’ll be well-equipped to create pivot tables that not only look great but also provide meaningful insights and drive data-driven decision-making.
